{"id":3132,"date":"2017-01-18T18:09:35","date_gmt":"2017-01-18T18:09:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nantes.apbg.org\/?p=3132"},"modified":"2025-12-07T10:04:36","modified_gmt":"2025-12-07T10:04:36","slug":"journee-autour-de-limportance-des-plantes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/2017\/01\/18\/journee-autour-de-limportance-des-plantes\/","title":{"rendered":"Conf\u00e9rence sur les l\u00e9gumineuses et sortie sur le littoral vend\u00e9en"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Le samedi 17 Juin 2017<\/strong>, la r\u00e9gionale de l&rsquo;APBG de Nantes a organis\u00e9, en association avec <em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/parisse17.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">l&rsquo;APNO<\/span> <\/a>(<\/span>Association pour la Protection de la Nature au Pays des Olonnes)<\/span><\/em>, une journ\u00e9e autour des l\u00e9gumineuses et de la protection du littoral vend\u00e9en \u00e0 Olonne-sur-Mer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Matin\u00e9e autour des l\u00e9gumineuses :<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"624\" src=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100736-1-1024x624.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7098\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100736-1-1024x624.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100736-1-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100736-1-768x468.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100736-1-1536x936.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100736-1-2048x1249.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100736-1-1320x805.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">En tant que membre de l&rsquo;APNO<strong>, M. Thierry HUGUET<\/strong>, Directeur de Recherches, en retraite, du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), nous a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 une conf\u00e9rence sur le th\u00e8me : <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Rhizobiums et L\u00e9gumineuses : des amis de toujours ?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette conf\u00e9rence s\u2019appuie sur l\u2019exp\u00e9rience accumul\u00e9e par <strong>Thierry HUGUET<\/strong> pendant son activit\u00e9 au sein du <a href=\"https:\/\/www6.toulouse.inra.fr\/lipm\/Recherche\/Infection-endosymbiotique-et-developpement-nodulaire\/Membres\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Laboratoire CNRS-INRA des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM)<\/a> \u00e0 Castanet-Tolosan (31). Il d\u00e9veloppa sa pr\u00e9sentation en plusieurs points dont :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100558-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7097\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.7778547723944473;width:412px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100558-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100558-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100558-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100558-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100558-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_100558-1-1320x743.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>La diversit\u00e9 des l\u00e9gumineuses et de leur nodosit\u00e9s<\/strong>. L&rsquo;\u00e9volution entre les l\u00e9gumineuses anciennes dont tr\u00e8s peu d\u00e9veloppent des nodosit\u00e9s (famille des <span class=\"st\"><em>C\u00e9salpiniac\u00e9es<\/em><\/span> comme le Caroubier) et les l\u00e9gumineuses r\u00e9centes qui d\u00e9veloppent presque toutes des nodosit\u00e9s (famille des <em>Papilionac\u00e9es <\/em>comme le pois, la luzerne etc.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Les m\u00e9canismes de d\u00e9veloppement des nodosit\u00e9s<\/strong>, des organes nouveaux mis en place gr\u00e2ce aux deux partenaires (plante et bact\u00e9ries). Elles permettent \u00e0 la plante de se d\u00e9velopper dans un milieu pauvre en azote et aux bact\u00e9ries <em>Rhizobium<\/em> ana\u00e9robies de retrouver une niche \u00e9cologique pauvre en O2 et riche en glucides. Les cellules v\u00e9g\u00e9tales des nodosit\u00e9s produisent la <span class=\"_Tgc\">legh\u00e9moglobine capable de fixer le O2 libre et ainsi permettre \u00e0 la nitrog\u00e9nase (enzyme inactive en pr\u00e9sence de O2) des Rhizobiums de<\/span> r\u00e9duire l&rsquo;azote atmosph\u00e9rique N2 en NH3. De plus les co\u00fbts importants en ATP de la fixation de l&rsquo;azote sont compens\u00e9s par les nombreuses mitochondries des cellules v\u00e9g\u00e9tales utilisant le O2 \u00ab\u00a0distribu\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb par la legh\u00e9moglobine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;autor\u00e9gulation du fonctionnement des nodosit\u00e9s et de leur mise en place<\/strong>. Des exp\u00e9riences montrent que la plante d\u00e9veloppe plus ou moins des nodosit\u00e9s en fonction de la richesse en azote du sol. Certains g\u00e8nes interviennent dans cette r\u00e9gulation, il existe des mutants supernodulants qui d\u00e9veloppent \u00e9norm\u00e9ment de nodosit\u00e9s indiff\u00e9remment de la richesse du sol en azote. Malheureusement, ils ne sont pas de super-fixateurs d&rsquo;azote pour autant. La nodulation et la quantit\u00e9 d&rsquo;azote fix\u00e9 sont r\u00e9gul\u00e9s par les besoins de la plante pour sa croissance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Le contournement par les Rhizobiums des m\u00e9canismes de d\u00e9fense mis en place par la plante<\/strong>. La plante produit des flavono\u00efdes induisant l&rsquo;expression des g\u00e8nes nod bact\u00e9riens qui codent pour des facteurs Nod permettant aux bact\u00e9ries de contourner ces d\u00e9fenses et de pouvoir se d\u00e9velopper dans la racine et former les nodosit\u00e9s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Une co-\u00e9volution entre les l\u00e9gumineuses et les bact\u00e9ries <em>Rhizobium<\/em><\/strong> qui se traduit par une relation h\u00f4te\/symbiote qui devient de plus en plus sp\u00e9cifique pour les plantes r\u00e9centes de la famille des <em>Papilionac\u00e9es<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"\">\u00c9tude le long du littoral avec notre coll\u00e8gue Nicole BAROT de l&rsquo;APNO :<\/span><\/span><\/em><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span class=\"\"> A la Paracou :\u00a0pr\u00e9sentation du littoral, enjeux de protection, zones remarquables (de la dune mobile \u00e0 la dune fix\u00e9e), observation d&rsquo;esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales caract\u00e9ristiques de ces milieux,<br><\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sur la plage : observation \u00e0 la mar\u00e9e descendante de vers plats de Roscoff <span class=\"st\">(<em>Symsagittifera roscoffensis<\/em>),<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span class=\"\"> Au Gravier (Aubraie) : ancienne exploitation de sable, le recul du camping en raison de la loi littoral.<br><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"404\" data-id=\"7101\" src=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_151533-1-1024x404.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7101\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_151533-1-1024x404.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_151533-1-300x118.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_151533-1-768x303.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_151533-1-1536x605.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_151533-1-2048x807.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_151533-1-1320x520.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"329\" data-id=\"7100\" src=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_142434-1-1024x329.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_142434-1-1024x329.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_142434-1-300x96.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_142434-1-768x247.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_142434-1-1536x494.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_142434-1-2048x659.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_142434-1-1320x425.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"331\" data-id=\"7099\" src=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_134044-1-1024x331.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7099\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_134044-1-1024x331.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_134044-1-300x97.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_134044-1-768x249.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_134044-1-1536x497.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_134044-1-2048x663.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_134044-1-1320x427.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"401\" data-id=\"7102\" src=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_154422-1-1024x401.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7102\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_154422-1-1024x401.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_154422-1-300x117.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_154422-1-768x301.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_154422-1-1536x601.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_154422-1-2048x801.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/20170617_154422-1-1320x517.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span class=\"\">Pour terminer cette riche journ\u00e9e, la visite d&rsquo;un marais salant de l\u2019Ile d\u2019Olonne, <a href=\"https:\/\/lasalorge.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">la Salorge de la Vertonne <\/a>o\u00f9 Beno\u00eet nous a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 le fonctionnement de son exploitation.<\/span><\/em><span class=\"\"><br><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le samedi 17 Juin 2017, la r\u00e9gionale de l&rsquo;APBG de Nantes a organis\u00e9, en association avec l&rsquo;APNO (Association pour la<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7098,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,5,10,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-atelier","category-conference","category-sortie","category-terrain"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3132"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7104,"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3132\/revisions\/7104"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7098"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nantes.apbg.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}